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    We've arranged a civilization in which most crucial elements profoundly depend on science and technology. We have also arranged things so that almost no one understands science and technology. This is a prescription for disaster. We might get away with it for awhile, but sooner or later this combustible mixture of ignorance and power is going to blow up in our faces.
    Carl Sagan

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    from the “just because you can, doesn’t mean you should” file

    Few would have imagined it might one day be possible to create human sperm in a laboratory, but that is now the proud claim of Professor Karim Nayernia of the North East England Stem Cell Institute.

    Reactions two years ago, when the same team not only grew mouse sperm from embryonic cells but used it to produce baby mice, were somewhat warmer, which perhaps says something about the sensitivities around the creation of human sperm. Pacey said at the time that the mouse experiment would be “very useful to study the basic biology of sperm production”.

    Using technology to produce the essence of human life is a sensitive matter: the baby mice all died after a few months.

    Still, all the experts say what has been done in Newcastle is interesting and good for research. Discovering how to make sperm will teach us more about sperm malfunction, and therefore could help treat infertile men, rather than replace them.

    Interestingly, the team’s success came from stem cells with XY (male) chromosomes. The same process on XX (female) stem cells did not work…

    I’m all for expanding our scientific understanding, but creating sperm cells in the lab from germline cells will not tell us exactly what processes occur in the human body to make this work. Cloned animals seem to have a significantly shorter lifespan than naturally-conceived individuals, but we don’t know why. Children conceived through IVF also seem to have a higher rate than the general population of certain birth defects and genetic disorders – but again, we don’t know why.

    My husband and I went through our own bout of infertility, so I know the desperation and frustration of not being able to make your body do what so many others seem to do effortlessly. But there are limits to how far we should tamper with reproduction – especially given the rapid consumption of global resources by an ever-expanding population.

    Instead of spending money and time to figure out how to make one particular human fertile enough to reproduce – the end game of this sort of research, to give any individual infertile man the chance at natural fatherhood – why don’t we look at the causes (especially environmental and social) of the rapid growth of male infertility, especially in industrialized countries?

    Making adoption more affordable would also help enormously. We would have given up at the first sign of infertility and simply gone the adoption route if we could have afforded the $15-20k price tag. Instead, I spent months on covertly-acquired hormones left over from a friend’s failed infertility treatments (under the care of a physician – we just couldn’t afford to buy thousands of dollars in drugs from the clinic, by far the greatest expense); bloated with grapefruit-sized ovaries, with the cystic acne and emotional stability of a premenstrual 15-year-old, I still came up empty. And this was just for intra-uterine insemination: making my body pump out as many eggs as possible at one time, and then delivering J.’s sperm via syringe to my fallopian tubes right when the eggs were exploding like Jiffy-Pop from an overheated pan. IVF – “test tube” – and other fertility treatments were far beyond our reach.

    There is an animal drive to reproduce using our own genetic material, no question. But we’ve tempered other of our animal drives, and we risk the health of the greater human gene pool (and the health of the individuals so conceived) by mucking about with the elemental, cellular-level processes of reproduction.

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